HYDERABAD

Hyderabad the capital of Telangana, founded in the year 1591 by Mohammed Quli Qutub Shah, the fifth sultan of Qutb Shahi dynasty, offers a fascinating panorama of the past, with richly mixed cultural and historical tradition spanning over 400 years. It is one of the fastest growing cities of India and has emerged as a strong industrial, commercial, technology center, gives a picture of glimpses of past splenders and the legacy of its old history.The history of Hyderabad begins with the establishment of the Qutb Shahi dynasty. Quli Qutb Shah seized the reins of power from the Bahamani kingdom in 1512 and established the fortress city of Golconda. Inadequacy of water, and frequent epidemics of plague and cholera persuaded Mohammed Quli Qutub Shah to venture outward to establish new city with the Charminar at its centre and with four great roads fanning out four cardinal directions. Hyderabad's fame, strategic location and Golconda's legendary wealth attracted Aurangazeb who captured Golconda after a long seize in 1687.

After this defeat the importance of Hyderabad declined and the city fell into partial

ruins. As the Moghul empire decayed and began to disintegrate, the viceroy, Asaf Jah I proclaimed himself the Nizam and established independence rule of the Deccan. Hyderabad once again became a major capital city, ruled by successive Nizams of the Asaf Jahi dynasty until the state was merged into Indian Union in 1948.

SECUNDERABAD: In 1798, a subsidiary alliance for military and political cooperation was signed between the Nizam and the British East India company. There after an area north of what is now the Hussain Sagar was established as a cantonment. The area was named Secunderabad after the then Nizam, Sikander Jah.

From nawabs and pearls to the world's hi-tech happening point, the city's journey is fascinating. The sprawling metropolis is coming to terms with itself at the start of the new millenium. The Qutb Shahi dynasty founded the Kingdom of Golconda, one of the five kingdoms that emerged after the break up of the Bahamani Kingdom. The Qutb Shahis ruled the Deccan for almost 171 years.All the seven rulers were patrons of learning and were great builders. They contributed to the growth and development of Indo-Persian and Indo-Islamic literature and culture in Hyderabad. During the Qutb Shahi reign Golconda became one of the leading markets in the world of diamonds, pearls, steel for arms, and also printed fabric. The glory of the Golconda kingdom ended in 1687, after a valiant struggle. Aurangzeb, the last great Mughal ruler, captured Golconda after a siege that lasted eight months.

Abul Hasan Tana Shah, the last king of Golconda, was imprisoned at Daulatabad, where he died after twelve years in captivity. With the conquest of the Deccan and the South, Aurangzeb succeeded in expanding the Mughal Empire to cover the entire sub-continent. However, after his death in 1707, the Empire rapidly declined. At that time , the Deccan was administered by a Subedar or viceroy of the Mughal Emperor. Mir Quamaruddin, the Governor of the Deccan, who bore the title of Nizam-ul-Mulk Feroze Jung Asif Jah, declared his independence from Mughal rule in 1724.He thus became the first Nizam and the founder of the Asif Jahi dynasty. Asif Jah I continued to maintain Aruangabad, which had been founded by the Mughal rulers as the capital of his new state. In 1769, Nizam Ali Khan Asif Jah II, shifted the capital to Hyderabad. The seven Nizam's of the Asif Jahi dynasty ruled the Deccan for nearly 224 years, right up to 1948. During the Asif Jahi period, Persian, Urdu, Telugu and Marathi developed simultaneously. The highest official positions were given to deserving persons irrespective of their religion.

Persian was the official language up to 1893 and then Urdu up to 1948. When the British and the French spread their hold over the country, the Nizam soon won their friendship without bequeathing his power. The title "Faithful. Ally of the British Government" was bestowed on Nizam VII. The British stationed a Resident at Hyderabad, but the state continued to be ruled by the Nizam. The rule of the seven Nizam's saw the growth of Hyderabad both culturally and economically. Huge reservoirs, like the Nizam Sagar, Tungabadra, Osman Sagar, Himayath Sagar, and others were built. Survey work on Nagarjuna Sagar had also begun during this time. Hyderabad, under the Nizam's, was the largest princely state in India. Area wise it was as big as England and Scotland put together. The State had its own currency, mint, railways, and postal system. There was no income tax. Soon after India gained independence, Hyderabad State merged with the Union of India. On November 1, 1956 the map of India was redrawn into linguistic states, and Hyderabad became the capital of Telangana Hyderabad History is very rich and interesting, so don't worry, you will not get bored reading it. History of Hyderabad is inextricably linked with the rise and fall of various kingdoms, Qutb Shahi to Asaf Jahi (Nizams), which flourished in the Deccan region during the medieval and modern times. It was the famous Qutb Shahi's rule that opened a glorious chapter in the chronicles of Hyderabad. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, Founder of Hyderabad Fifth ruler of Qutb Shahi Dynasty (Accession 1580 - Death 1612)   The birth of a city Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, a ruler of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, was the founder of Hyderabad City. In the year 1591, when the Moon was in the constellation of Leo, Jupiter in its own abode and all celestial planets favourably placed, he laid the foundation of a new city which he called Bhagyanagar after his beloved queen 'Bhagmati'. Bhagmati embraced Islam and took the name Hyder Mahal and consequently Bhagynagar was renamed Hyderabad after her. City of Love The fourteen year old crown Sultan of Golconda, Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah was madly in love with beautiful Hindu courtesan 'Bhagmati', a local dancer. Every evening, the Prince of Golconda would ride to the village of Chichlam across Musi river, to meet his beloved, for he couldn't live without watching her dance, and listening to her soulful voice.Legend has it that once heavy rains and thunderstorm lashed Golconda and the city was devastated. Flood water of the Musi river destroyed many homes and lives. Young Sultan of Golconda, Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah was worried for Bhagmati, so he decided to cross the flooded river to meet her. His Royal guards tried to stop him as it was very dangerous for the young sultan, but in vain. Prince rode to the shore of the Musi river. He coerced his horse to step into the river and as soon as it did, a furious current nearly swept it away. It was a miracle that both survived and reached the other end. After crossing the Musi river, Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah rode towards the Chichlam village; he found many homes and lives were destroyed, he was searching for Bhagmati all the way and was praying for her safety. Prince of Golconda found Bhagmati alive and felt happy after meeting her. After storm subsided, Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah and Bhagmati left for Golconda. When Sultan Ibrahim, the father of the young Sultan heard this tale of dangerous passion, he was alarmed and forbade Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah from meeting Bhagmati. Young Sultan was miserable without her. Beautiful women from Armenia, Persia, Arab and different parts of India were brought to entertain the prince, but none could attract his attention away from his beloved 'Bhagmati'. Sultan Ibrahim found that his son loved only Bhagmati and no one else, no matter how beautiful she was. After seeing so much love for Bhagmati, Sultan Ibrahim constructed the Purana Pul (Old Bridge) – a massive stone bridge across the Musi River, to make it easy for the young Sultan to reach Chichlam to meet his beloved. The romance of the crown Prince with a dancer evoked great curiosity and controversy in Golconda. The fact that the Bhagmati was a Hindu courtesan and much older than the prince, created quite a uproar in the court. The orthodox society was not ready to accept her as queen of Golconda. After ascending the throne, Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah defied all traditions, married Bhagmati, and made her his queen. He re-christened her Hyder Mahal, and named the city Hyderabad in honour of her. Hyderabad History during Qutb Shahi rule Qutb Shahi Kings - Rulers of the Deccan 1518 - 1687 The Qutb Shahi Kings were rulers between 1518 and 1687. As the monuments of their time reveal, they were great builders, lovers of architecture and patrons of learning. The greatest and the most popular edifice of the time is the Charminar. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, fifth ruler of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, inherited a rich legacy – a prosperous and large kingdom with the densely populated capital of Golconda. Eight Qutb Shahi Rulers I. Sultan Quli Qutbul Mulk 1518 - 1543 Founder and first ruler of Qutb Shahi Dynasty II. Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah 1543 - 1550 Second ruler of Qutb Shahi Dynasty III. Subhan Quli Qutb Shah 1550 Third king of Qutb Shahi Dynasty IV. Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah 1550 - 1580 Fourth ruler of Qutb Shahi Dynasty V. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah 1580 - 1612 Fifth ruler of Qutb Shahi Dynasty & Founder of Hyderabad City VI. Muhammad Qutb Shah 1612 - 1626 Sixth ruler of Qutb Shahi Dynasty VII. Abdullah Qutb Shahi 1626 - 1672 Seventh ruler of Qutb Shahi Dynasty VIII. Abul Hasan Tana Shah 1672 - 1687 Eighth & last ruler of Qutb Shahi Dynasty Hyderabad History during Mughal Attack Mughal Attack Fall of Qutub Shahi and the rise of Asaf Jahis Abul Hasan Tana Shah was the last king of Golconda. It was during his reign that the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb after a siege of 8 months was able to storm into the fortress when the gates were opened by a traitor in 1687. Abul Hasan was taken prisoner first to Bidar and then to Daulatabad (Aurangabad) where he died in prison after 12 years of captivity. On September 22, 1687, Golconda was conquered by Aurangzeb and became a part of the six Mughal provinces in the Deccan. Mahabat Khan who was initially the Commander of the Golconda army, switched sides and joined the Mughal camp. He was appointed the Governor of Golconda-Hyderabad state, by Aurangzeb. Though Aurangzeb tried to consolidate his authority over Hyderabad, the city began to lose its importance. The final nail was struck when the capital of the new province was shifted from Hyderabad to Aurangabad, which became the new headquarters of the Mughals in the Deccan. In 1713, the Mughal Emperor, Farruksiyar, appointed a twenty six year old warrior Qamaruddin as the new Governor of Deccan. Qamruddin was the grandson of Chin Qilij Khan, Aurangzeb's brave commander who lost his life during the siege of Golconda. The young Governor proved to be an able administrator and earned the title of Nizam-ul-Mulk or the Governor of the Kingdom. In October 1724, Nizam-ul-Mulk declared himself Subedar or Governor of the six Deccan provinces - Aurangabad, Bidar, Bijapur, Berar, Adilabad and Hyderabad. Between the fall of the Qutub Shahi dynasty and the rise of the Asaf Jahis dynasty, the city of Hyderabad steadily deteriorated. Aurangzeb's only contribution to the city was the completion of the Mecca Masjid in 1693. In 1763, after a gap of nearly seventy six years Hyderabad regained its lost glory when Nizam Ali Khan, the second Asaf Jahi ruler moved the capital back from Aurangabad to Hyderabad. Hyderabad History during Asaf Jahi rule Asaf Jahi Dynasty - Nizams 1724 - 1948 The family of the Asaf Jah (Nizams) of Hyderabad is one of the most illustrious that ever came to India.The Asaf Jahi dynasty, familiar to all the by title of its representative-the-Nizam-owes its origin to Mir Qamaruddin Chin Qilij Khan, better known as Asaf Jah I. Asafia Flag Asaf Jahi dynasty ruled the state of Hyderabad for seven generations (A.D. 1724 - 1948) establishing it as the largest and foremost Muslim princely state in India. Hyderabad's existence and development was intrinsically linked to the rule of the Asaf Jahi dynasty and their contributions were foundational to not only the States but the Deccan's social, economic and cultural milieu. Nizam's crest Seven Asaf Jah Rulers - Seven Nizams I. Mir Qamaruddin Chin Qilij Khan - Nizam I 1724 - 1748 Founder and first ruler of Asaf Jahi Dynasty Read More ... II. Nizam Ali Khan - Nizam II 1762 - 1803 Second ruler of Asaf Jahi Dynasty Read More ... III. Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikander Jah - Nizam III 1803 - 1829 Third ruler of Asaf Jahi Dynasty Read More ... IV. Mir Farkhunda Ali Khan Nasir-ud-Daula - Nizam IV 1829 - 1857 Fourth ruler of Asaf Jahi Dynasty Read More ... V. Mir Tahniat Ali Khan Afzal-ud-Daula - Nizam V 1857 - 1869 Fifth ruler of Asaf Jahi Dynasty Read More ... VI. Mir Mahboob Ali Khan - Nizam VI 1869 - 1911 Sixth ruler of Asaf Jahi Dynasty Read More ... VII. Mir Osman Ali Khan - Nizam VII 1911 - 1948 Seventh and last ruler of Asaf Jahi Dynasty Read More ... Hyderabad History during India Independence End of Asaf Jahi Dynasty On the 10th of July 1947, the 'Declaration of the Indian Independence' bill was introduced by Harold Macmillan. To the Nizam's dismay, no mention or decision was taken regarding the state of Hyderabad. All princely states were given the option to either join India, Pakistan or remain independent. All states that would join the Indian Union would have to surrender their sovereignty and their right to collect taxes. All princely states large and small agreed to join the Union of India, except Hyderabad. In June 1947, the Nizam issued a Firman or a proclamation declaring independence from the Indian Union. Gold-plated chair of Nizam VII at Purani Haveli, Hyderabad On the 15th of August 1947, India attained independence from the British, but Hyderabad stood defiant as an independent state. On 29th November 1947, the Nizam signed a 'standstill agreement' with the Indian Union for a period of one year. In the months following the signing of the Standstill Agreement, suspicion and misgivings between the Nizam and the Indian government grew. Relations between the two were far from amicable. The Razakar Movement, supported by the Majlis Ittehad-ul-Musalmeen, supporting Islamic supremacy in southern India gained ground in Hyderabad. Led by the zealous Kasim Razvi, the Razakars compelled the Nizam to maintain his independence and not relent to pressure from the Indian government. Claiming his right to remain independent in accordance with the Indian Independence Act, the Nizam declared Hyderabad a free, self-governing independent state but the Government of India refused to accept his point of view. H.E.H Mir-Osman Ali Khan Nizam VII with his court nobles - 1936 Sardar Vallabhai Patel, the deputy Prime Minister of India insisted that the state had to merge with the Indian union and to further tighten the noose, an economic blockade was imposed on Hyderabad. On the 10th of September 1948, the Nizam sent Nawab Moin Nawaz Jung to the Security Council to represent Hyderabad's case before the United Nations. This was the last straw. All channels of communication were severed and the Government of India contemplated military action against the defiant state. On the 13th of September 1948, the Indian Army initiated its Police Action Against Hyderabad. The exercise was termed Operation Polo and for five days the Razakars and the Hyderabad army made a half hearted attempt to resist the Indian army. But their antiquated ammunition and ill equipped soldiers were no match to an entire armoured division of the mighty Indian army. A number of Razakars lost their lives in the battle and their feeble resistance was soon overcome. Staircase of Falaknuma Palace, Hyderabad Five days later, on the 18th of September, 1948, the Indian army entered Secunderabad Cantonment. Military rule was imposed. A reluctant Hyderabad finally merged with the Union of India. For a smooth transition and to placate the sentiments of the hurt Hyderabadis, the Government of India considered it prudent to appoint Osman Ali Khan as the Rajpramukh of Hyderabad state, a position that he held from 26th January 1950 to 31st October 1956. Democracy had the whole world in its grip and how long could Hyderabad stay unaffected? The boundary of this region in the Deccan was redrawn on linguistic considerations. The Marathi speaking areas merged with Maharashtra, the Kannada speaking region with Karnataka and on 1st November 1956, the Telugu speaking areas along the region formerly known as Andhra formed the new state of Andhra Pradesh with Hyderabad as its capital. Takht-e-Nishan (Royal Seat) in Durbar Hall of Chowmahalla Palace, Hyderabad Mir Osman Ali Khan withdrew completely from public life and choose to lead a quiet, secluded life with his family. He had wisely formed a number of trusts that took care of his family's need and funded his various charitable institutions. In 1967 Osman Ali Khan passed away and his eldest grandson, Mukarram Jah, became the new Nizam - a designation that had no meaning, no duties and no responsibilities any more. In 1972, the Indian Prime Minister, Ms Indira Gahndhi abolished the 'privy purse' and monarchs and royal families lost all their privileges at one go. Prince Mukarram Jah migrated to Australia and while most of his estate is being managed by the trusts formed by his grandfather, some of it has been acquired by the government. Thus an era became history and a Asaf Jahi dynasty spanning seven generations faded into the twilight leaving behind an indelible print on the sand of time Family origins Qamaruddin Khan,Asaf Jah I The Asaf Jahi was a dynasty of Turkic origin from the region around Samarkand in modern-day Uzbekistan. They came to India in the late 17th century, and became servants of the Mughal Empire. As the Mughals were great patrons of Persian culture, language, literature: the family found a ready patronage. Origin of the title Nizām-ul-mulk was a title first used in Urdu around 1600 to mean Governor of the realm or Deputy for the Whole Empire. The word is derived from the Arabic word, Nizām (نظام), meaning order, arrangement. The Nizam was referred to as Ala Hadrat / Ala Hazrat or Nizam Sarkar, meaning His Exalted Highness. Rise of the Nizams The first Nizam ruled on behalf of the Mughal emperors. After the death of Aurangzeb, the Nizams split from the Mughals to form an independent kingdom. When the British achieved paramountcy over India, the Nizams were allowed to continue to rule their princely states as client kings. The Nizams retained internal power over Hyderabad State until 17 September 1948 when Hyderabad was integrated into the new Indian Union. The Asaf Jah dynasty had only seven rulers; however there was a period of 13 years after the rule of the first Nizam when three of his sons (Nasir Jung, Muzafar Jung and Salabath Jung) ruled. They were not officially recognised as the rulers. A legend about the first Nizam[vague] states that, on one of his hunting trips he was offered some kulcha oval bread (an Indian bread) by a holy man and was asked to eat as many as he could. The Nizam could eat seven kulchas and the holy man then prophesied that seven generations of his family would rule the state. By tradition no Nizam has ever left India no matter how good a reason might exist for doing so, as it was said[by whom?], "the Sovereign is too precious to his people ever to leave India.". Infrastructure During the period of Nizam rule, Hyderabad State became the richest. Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII and his family including Salar Jung I were taught by Nawab Sarwar Ul Mulk and Agha Mirza Baig Sarwar ul mulk Bahadur, who was his political advisor,[2] and the senior-most salute state among the Indian princely states. It was spread over 223,000 km2 (86,000 sq mi) in the Deccan, ruled by the Asaf Jahi dynasty. The Nizam's were conferred with the title of His Exalted Highness, and "Faithful Ally of the British Government" by the imperial-colonial British government for their collaborating rôle in the wars against Tipu Sultan of Mysore, the Great Revolt of 1857–1858.,[6] becoming the only Indian prince to be given both these statuses.[7] The rule of the Nizams brought cultural and economic growth for Hyderabad city. One example of the wealth of Nizam rule is the Jewels of the Nizams, which is an international tourist attraction occasionally displayed in Salar Jung Museum. In 1948 Hyderabad state had an estimated population of 17 million (1.7 crore), and it generated an estimated annual revenue of £90,029,000.[6] The state had its own currency known as the Hyderabadi rupee, until 1951.[8] The pace at which the last Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan amassed wealth made him one of the world's richest men in 1937 and he was also known for his miserliness.[7] According to the Forbes All-Time Wealthiest List of 2008, Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan is the fifth richest man ever, with an estimated worth of US$210.8 billion (adjusted with the present value of the US dollar).[8] The Nizams set up numerous institutions in the name of the dynasty including hospitals and schools, colleges, universities that imparted education in Urdu.[8] Inspired by the Indian Civil Service, the Nizams established the Hyderabad Civil Service and built large reservoirs. Survey work on the Nagarjuna Sagar Dam was initiated during this time, though the actual work was completed by the Government of India in 1969.[9][10] List of Nizams of Hyderabad (1720 – present) Nizams of Hyderabad (1720–1948) Image Titular Name Personal Name Date of birth Nizam From Nizam Until Date of death Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I نظام‌الملک آصف جاہ Qamar-ud-din Khan 20 August 1671 31 July 1724 1 June 1748 Nasir Jung نصیرجنگ Ahmed Ali Khan 26 February 1712 1 June 1748 16 December 1750 ‏Muzaffar Jung مظفرجنگ Hidayat Mohi-ud-din Sa'adullah Khan  ? 16 December 1750 13 February 1751 Salabat Jung صلابت جنگ Sa'id Muhammad Khan 24 November 1718 13 February 1751 8 July 1762 (deposed) 16 September 1763 Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah II نظام‌الملک آصف جاہ دوم Nizam Ali Khan 7 March 1734 8 July 1762 6 August 1803 Sikander Jah, Asaf Jah III سکندر جاہ ،آصف جاہ تریہم Akbar Ali Khan 11 November 1768 6 August 1803 21 May 1829 Nasir-ud-Daula, Asaf Jah IV ناصر الدولہ ،آصف جاہ چارہم Farqunda Ali Khan 25 April 1794 21 May 1829 16 May 1857 Afzal-ud-Daula, Asaf Jah V افضال الدولہ ،آصف جاہ پنجم Tahniyat Ali Khan 11 October 1827 16 May 1857 26 February 1869 Asaf Jah VI آصف جاہ شیشم Mahbub Ali Khan 17 August 1866 26 February 1869 29 August 1911 Asaf Jah VII آصف جاہ ہفتم Mir Osman Ali Khan 6 April 1886 29 August 1911 17 September 1948 (deposed) 24 February 1967 Titular Nizam of Hyderabad (1948 – present) Image Titular Name Personal Name Date of birth Titular King From Titular KingUntil Date of death Asaf Jah VII آصف جاہ ہفتم Mir Osman Ali Khan 6 April 1886 17 September 1948 24 February 1967 Mukarram Jah, Asaf Jah VIII مکرم جاہ ،آصف جاہ ہشت Mir Barakat Ali Khan 6 October 1933 24 February 1967 present Descendants of the last Nizam, Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2012) On 22 February 1937 a cover story by TIME called Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII as the wealthiest man in the world The last Nizam, Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII, had 28 sons and 44 daughters. The Asaf Jah dynasty followed the policy of male primogeniture regardless of the mother's marital status or rank. First generation (sons) Azam Jah, Prince of Berar, (21 February 1907 – 9 October 1970), eldest son. He was passed over in the line of succession in favour of his eldest son, Mukarram Jah (Barkat Ali Khan), who was given the title Asaf Jah VIII. Moazzam Jah, (21 February 1907 – 9 October 1970), second son. Kazim Jah Bahadur (1912–1952), fourth son. Had 5 daughters and 2 sons. Rajab Jah Bahadur (1912–); fifth son. Saadath Jah Bahadur(1917–1988), sixth son. Abid Jah (1913–1983), seventh son. Hashmat Jah (1913–1988), eighth son. Hashim Jah (1913–1991), ninth son. Taqi Jah (1913–1985), tenth son. Basharath Jah Bahadur, nineteenth son. Imdad Jah (1944–2013); twenty-third son. Nawazish Jah (1944–2010); twenty-fifth son. Fazal Jah (1946–); twenty-sixth son Bhojat Jah (1947–1982), twenty-seventh son. Zulfaqar Jah Shabir Jah Second and subsequent generations Mukarram Jah (Barkat Ali Khan), (6 October 1933–), son of Azam Jah, the eldest son of the last Nizam. He was given the title Asaf Jah VIII. Muffakham Jah (1939–), son of Azam Jah, the eldest son of the last Nizam, and younger brother of Mukarram Jah (Barkat Ali Khan), Asaf Jah VIII. Shahamat Jah (1957–), son of Moazzam Jah, the second son of the last Nizam. Azmet Jah, the eldest son of Mukarram Jah (Barkat Ali Khan), Asaf Jah VIII. Azam Jah (1979–), second son of Azmet Jah. Rafat Jah (1966–), elder son of Muffakham Jah. Farhad Jah, younger son of Muffakham Jah. Mir Meraj ‘Ali Khan; third son of Saadath Jah Bahadur. Ahmad Jah, eldest son of Kazim Jah, the fourth son of the last Nizam. Baqir Jah; younger son of Kazim Jah, the fourth son of the last Nizam. Mir Arshad Ali Khan; son of Ahmad Jah Mir Muhammad Jafar Ali Khan (1964–); elder son of Baqir Jah. Mir Kauser Ali Khan (1966–); younger son of Baqir Jah. Mir Banda Ali Khan (1951–); son of Abid Jah (1913–1983), the seventh son of the last Nizam. Mir Mushraf Ali Khan (1969–); son of Mir Banda Ali Khan. Mir Ata'ullah Khan (1957–); eldest son of Hashmat Jah (1913–1988), the eighth son of the last Nizam. Mir Rahmat ‘Ali Khan; second son of Hashmat Jah. Mir Hassan ‘Ali Khan (1959–); third son of Hashmat Jah. Mir Husain ‘Ali Khan (1961–); fourth son of Hashmat Jah. Mir Shamsher ‘Ali Khan (1941–); eldest son of Hashim Jah (1913–1991), the ninth son of the last Nizam. Mir Miraj ‘Ali Khan; second son of Hashim Jah. Mir Shahamat ‘Ali Khan (1942–); third son of Hashim Jah. Mir Baktiyar ‘Ali Khan (1964–); elder son of Mir Shahamat ‘Ali Khan. Mir Sulaiman ‘Ali Khan (1980–); younger son of Mir Shahamat ‘Ali Khan. Mir Kawkab ‘Ali Khan; fourth son of Hashim Jah. Mir Zamin ‘Ali Khan (1948–); fifth son of Hashim Jah. Mir Muhammad Jaffar ‘Ali Khan (1978–); son of Mir Zamin ‘Ali Khan. Mir Haider ‘Ali Khan (2000–); son of Mir Muhammad Jaffar ‘Ali Khan. Mir Murtuza ‘Ali Khan (2007–); son of Mir Muhammad Jaffar ‘Ali Khan. Mir Askar ‘Ali Khan; sixth son of Hashim Jah. Mir Muhammad Nusrath ‘Ali Khan; seventh son of Hashim Jah. Mir Muhammad Hussain ‘Ali Khan (1970–); son of Mir Muhammad Nusrath ‘Ali Khan. Mir Karam ‘Ali Khan (1956–); eighth son of Hashim Jah. Mir Osman ‘Ali Khan (1985–); son of Mir Karam ‘Ali Khan. Mir Najaf ‘Ali Khan (1964–); ninth son of Hashim Jah. Muhammad Anas Ali Khan (2001–); son of Mir Najaf ‘Ali Khan. Mir Naqi ‘Ali Khan. Elder son of Taqi Jah (1913–1985), tenth son of the last Nizam. Mir Ja’afar ‘Ali Khan. Younger son of Taqi Jah. Mir Firasath ‘Ali Khan; eldest son of Sa’adat Jah (1917–1988), nineteenth son of the last Nizam. Mir Saqafath ‘Ali Khan. (1968–); fourth son of Sa'adat Jah. Imdad Jah (1944–); twenty-third son of the last Nizam. Dilshad Jah (1963–); elder son of Imdad Jah Mir Irshad ‘Ali Khan (1977–); younger son of Imdad Jah. Son of Nawazish Jah (1944–2010); twenty-fifth son of the last Nizam. Mir Salabat ‘Ali Khan (1969–); son of Bhojat Jah (1947–1982), twenty-seventh son of the last Nizam. Mir Bhojat ‘Ali Khan (1998–), son of Mir Salabat ‘Ali Khan. Manzoor Ahmad Nizami (1926–2008), son of Nizam Uddin Asaf Jah VII. Farooq Nizami (1965–), son of Manzoor Ahmad Nizami Asaf Jah VII. Feroz Nizami (1994–), son of Farooq Nizami HEH Asaf Jah VII. Muhammad Bin Farooq (2003–), Nizam, son of Farooq Nizami HEH Asaf Jah VII. Mir Danish Ali Khan (1966) elder Son Of Nawazish Jah. Mir Darvesh Ali Khan (1986) Son Of Mir Danish Ali Khan. Descendants of Asaf Jah III Shazada Nawab Mir Tafazul Ali Khan Mir Badesha (Saif-ul-mulk) only son of sikander jah nizam III born with wife Jahan Parwar Begum Sahiba (Haji Begum) daughter of Nawab Saif Ul Mulk (Maali Mian) son of Arastu Jah(was the prime minister during the Asaf jah III). Sahibzada Mir Jamil ud-din ‘Ali Khan (1940– 2011). Nawab Mir Bashir ud-din 'Ali Khan Bahdur, Samsan Jang (1797–1876), his seventh son Nawab Mir Habib 'Ali Khan Bahadur, Muazziz Jang (1821–?), his son Sahibzada Mir Yusuf 'Ali Khan (1856-19?), Sahibzada Mir Habib 'Ali Khan Bahadur (1900–1937) Sahibzada Mir Bashir ud-din Ali Khan Bahadur (1921–1980). Sahibzada Jaweed Siddiqi (1966–). Son of Sahibzada Mir Jamil ud-din ‘Ali Khan. Sahibzada Bashir Siddiqi (1999–). Son of Sahibzada Jaweed Siddiqi. Sahibzada Abrar Siddiqi (2001–). Son of Sahibzada Jaweed Siddiqi. Sahibzada Mir Azeem uddin ali khan. Second son of Mir Basheer uddin Ali Khan (1921-1980) Sahibzada Mir Moiz uddin Ali Khan s/o Mir Azeem uddin Ali Khan Shahibzada Mir Farooq Ali Khan . Son of Mir Mehboob Ali Khan.son of Mir Bahauddin Ali Khan Uzzam-ud-daula Saham-jung son of Samsam-ud-daula Sahibzada Mir Abid Ali Khan. Son Of Mir Mehboob Ali Khan. Son of Mir Bahauddin Ali Khan Uzzam-ud-daula Saham-jung son of Samsam-ud-daula Sahibzada Mir Dildar Ali Khan. Son Of Mir Mehboob Ali Khan. Son of Mir bahauddin Ali Khan uzzam-ud-daula saham-jung son of samsam-ud-daula Sahibzada Mir Ehethesham Ali Khan. Son Of Mir Abid Ali Khan. Son of Mir Meboob Ali Khan son of Mir bahauddin Ali Khan Uzzam-ud-daula saham-jung son of Samsam-ud-daula Sahibzada Mir Moiz ud-din ‘Ali Khan (1954–). Son of Sahibzada Mir farooq Ali Khan(1924–1986) Shahizada Mir Mohiuddin Ali Khan & Shahizada Mir Farooq Ali Khan(1989)- Son of Mir Moiz uddin Ali Khan. Shahibzadi Mir Sadia Moiz D/o.Shahibzada Mir Moiz uddin Ali Khan(Wife of Shaikh ilyas Ahmed). Sahebzada Mir Azmath 'Ali Khan (1944–). Son of Nawab Mir Hussain 'Ali Khan Bahadur (1923–1987), the second son of Sahibzada Mir Habib 'Ali Khan Bahadur. Sahebzada Mir Himayath 'Ali Khan (1984–). Eldest son of Sahebzada Mir Azmath 'Ali Khan. Sahebzada Mir Azam 'Ali Khan (1988–). Second son of Sahebzada Mir Azmath 'Ali Khan. Sahebzada Mir Maqsood 'Ali Khan (2001–). Third son of Sahebzada Mir Azmath 'Ali Khan. Sahibzada Mir Osman 'Ali Khan (1952–). Second son of Nawab Mir Husain Ali Khan Bahadur. Sahibzada Mir Khader 'Ali Khan (1955–). Third son of Nawab Mir Husain Ali Khan Bahadur. Sahibzada Mir Tawfeeq 'Ali Khan (1983–). Elder son of Sahibzada Mir Khader 'Ali Khan. Sahibzada Mir Mujahid 'Ali Khan (1995–). Second son of Sahibzada Mir Khader 'Ali Khan.[11] Family tree I. Qamar-ud-din Khan, Asaf Jah I, 1st Nizam of Hyderabad (20 August 1671 – 1 June 1748). A senior governor and counsellor in the Imperial government. Defeated the Imperial forces on 19 June 1720 at Hasanpur and formed an independent state of his own. Confirmed in his possessions by Imperial firman and crowned on 31 July. Named Vice-Regent of the Mughal Empire by the Emperor Muhammad Shah on 8 February 1722, secured the province of Berar on 11 October 1724 and formally made Hyderabad City his new capital on 7 December 1724. Died at Burhampur on 1 June 1748, aged 76. He had six sons and seven daughters, including: II. Nasir Jang Mir Ahmad, 2nd Nizam of Hyderabad (26 February 1712 – 16 December 1750). Ruled from 1 June 1748 – 16 December 1750, when he was killed aged 38 by the Nawab of Kadapa. Sahibzadi Khair un-nisa Begum. Married Nawab Talib Muhi ud-din Mutasawwil Khan Bahadur, Muzaffar Jang. She had issue, a son: III. Muhyi ad-Din Muzaffar Jang Hidayat, 3rd Nizam of Hyderabad (died 13 February 1751). Succeeded upon his uncle's death; ruled from 16 December 1750 – 13 February 1751, when he was killed by the Nawab of Kurnool. IV. Asaf ad-Dawlah Mir Ali Salabat Jang, 4th Nizam of Hyderabad (November 1718 – 16 September 1763). Succeeded his brother, ruling from 13 February 1751 – 8 July 1762. Deposed by his brother on 8 July 1762 and killed in prison the following year, aged 44. V. Ali Khan Asaf Jah II, 5th Nizam of Hyderabad (7 March 1734 – 6 August 1803). Ruled 8 July 1762 – 6 August 1803, when he died aged 69. He had 11 sons and 12 daughters, including: VI. Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikander Jah, Asaf Jah III, 6th Nizam of Hyderabad (11 November 1768 – 21 May 1829). The first of the dynasty to be officially granted the title of Nizam. Ruled 6 August 1803 – 21 May 1829, when he died aged 60. He had 10 sons and nine daughters, including: VII. Nasir-ud-dawlah, Asaf Jah IV, 7th Nizam of Hyderabad (25 April 1794 – 16 May 1857). Ruled 21 May 1829 – 16 May 1857, when he died aged 63. He had five sons, including: VIII. Afzal ad-Dawlah, Asaf Jah V, 8th Nizam of Hyderabad, GCSI (11 October 1827 – 26 February 1869). The first of the Nizams to fall under British rule. Ruled 16 May 1857 – 26 February 1869, when he died aged 41. He had four sons and six daughters, including: IX. Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI, 9th Nizam of Hyderabad, GCB, GCSI, KIH (17 August 1866 – 31 August 1911). Succeeded his father on 26 February 1869, ruled under a regency until 5 February 1884, when he was invested with full ruling powers by the Viceroy of India. Died 31 August 1911, aged 45. He had seven sons and six daughters, including: X. Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII, 10th Nizam of Hyderabad, GCSI, GBE, Royal Victorian Chain, MP (6 April 1886 – 24 January 1967). Granted the style of His Exalted Highness (1 January 1918), the title of Faithful Ally of the British Government (24 January 1918) and Nizam of Hyderabad and of Berar (13 November 1936). The last of the ruling Nizams; ruled absolutely from 31 August 1911 – 19 September 1948, when the state was formally annexed to the Union of India. Maintained semi-ruling and semi-autonomous status from then until 23 November 1949, when he accepted the paramountcy of the new Indian government and Constitution and acceded to the Union. Formally lost his sovereignty, ending 230 years of Asaf Jahi rule, upon the formal promulgation of the Constitution on 26 January 1950. Served as Rajpramukh of the new Hyderabad State from 26 January 1950 until 31 October 1956, when the post was abolished. Served as a titular monarch from 26 January 1950 until his death on 24 January 1967, aged 80. He had children, 28 sons and 44 daughters, including: HH Azam Jah, Prince of Berar, GCIE, GBE (21 February 1907 – 9 October 1970). Granted the title of His Highness the Prince of Berar (13 November 1936). Passed over in the line of succession in 1967 in favour of his elder son. He had two sons, including the elder: XI. Barakat Ali Khan Mukarram Jah, Asaf Jah VIII, 11th Nizam of Hyderabad (6 October 1933–). Succeeded his grandfather as titular monarch on 24 January 1967; titles abolished by the Indian Government on 28 December 1971. He has children that include two sons. italics – Considered pretenders by most historians; refrained from exercising traditional authority during their reigns. [11] Palaces of the Nizams Chowmahalla Palace The Asaf Jahis were prolific builders. Several palaces of the Nizams were: Chowmahalla Palace Purani Haveli King Kothi Palace Hyderabad House, New Delhi. Mahboob Mansion Falaknuma Palace Bella Vista Hill Fort Palace Chiran Palace Saifabad Palace Khilwath Palace Other landmarks include the High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad, City College, Public Gardens, also known as Bagh-e-aam, Jubilee Hall, Asafia library, The Assembly building, Niloufer Hospital, the Osmania Arts College and the Osmania Medical College are among their notable constructions. The Nizams liked the European style of architecture and created a fusion of European traditions with Hindu and Islamic forms and motifs. End of the Dynasty and Removal of the Last Nizam Main article: Hyderabad Campaign (1948) General El Edroos (at right) offers his surrender of the Hyderabad State Forces to Major General (later General and Army Chief) Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri at Secunderabad. After the British left India in 1947, the Nizam of Hyderabad initially chose to join neither India nor Pakistan. He later declared Hyderabad a free, self-governing independent state but the Government of India refused to accept his point of view as Hyderabad was surrounded by India on all sides and did not have an access to sea. After attempts by India to persudade the Nizam to accede to India failed, the Indian government launched a military operation named Operation Polo to overthrow his rule. When the Indian Army invaded his princely State on 13 September 1948, his forces were unable to withstand the Indian army and were defeated. The Nizam capitulated and his forces surrendered on 17 September 1948 and he broadcast this over radio the same afternoon. The Nizam was forced to accept accession to India. His rule ended on 17 September 1948. It was the end of the ruling dynasty. Mir Osman Ali Khan, the last Nizam, died on Friday 24 February 1967. All Nizams are buried in the royal graves at the Makkah Masjid near Charminar in Hyderabad except for the last Nizam, Mir Osman Ali Khan, who wished to be buried beside his mother, in the grave yard of Judi Mosque facing King Kothi Palace.